Ordinary Courts / Criminal Courts
- Supreme Court of Justice → final instance
- Higher Regional Courts
- Regional Courts
- District Courts
Organization
- allocated in advance
- right to a lawful judge
Courts of Public Law
Constitutional Court (Guardian of the constitution)
- Powers to review laws and regulations for their constitutionality
- Court of Fundamental Rights and Human Rights
- Resolves conflicts of competence between the federation and a Land or between the Laender themselves
- Pronounces upon challenges to elections
Administrative Jurisdiction
- Examine whether administrative acts comply with the law
- Federal Administrative Court → Court of final instance in administrative matters
- 11 Courts of First Instance
- Federal Administrative Court
- Federal Finance Court
- 9 Land Administrative Courts