• CCF - Corporate Carbon Footprint

Data Collection

Measure

  • operating cost statements
  • fuel and chemical purchases
  • mileage reports
  • supplier reports

Estimate

  • intensity based
    • per m2, production unit, turnover euro
  • company-specific or industry average

Emission Factors

  • most activities have certain factors
    • e.g. fruit (product of fruit overseas)
  • different products/activities can have different factors
    • e.g. organic bananas from panama are different from just fruit
    • e.g. short vs long distance flight per km

How to Calculate

  • find activities (from all 3 scopes)
  • multiply activity with relevant GHG emission factor
  • sum up for each of the 3 scopes
  • sum 3 scopes together

Scopes

Scope 1

  • stationary combustion
  • mobile combustion
  • process emissions
  • fugitive emissions
    • e.g. refrigeration system leak
  • biogenic carbon emissions
    • wood/pellets

Scope 2

  • purchased electricity (location based)
  • purchased electricity (market based)
  • steam
  • heating/cooling
  • biogenic carbon emissions
    • wood/pellets
MethodExplanationEmission factorStrengthWeakness
Location-basedUse of country- or more region-specific emission factors.Grid averageEnables Comparability
+ between locations within a country/region
+ between companies of the same industry
- Low influenceability
Market-basedUse of source- or supplier-specific emission factors.Specific factor of the respective energy supplierActive control of the supplied energy & consideration in the GHG balance. Example Green electricity:
+ Scope 2: 0 emissions
+ Scope 3:
Consideration of emissions from the generation plants in category 3.3.
- Crediting green electricity with zero emissions removes the incentive to reduce energy consumption
- Emissions from the generation facilities are often not taken into account.
  • the point of location vs market based is that the market based should be lower than the location based
    • signals special contracts the company has that leverage renewables

Scope 3

Upstream

  • purchased goods & services
  • capital & capital goods
  • fuel and energy-related activities
  • upstream transportation (not part of own fleet)
  • waste generation in upstream
  • business traveling
  • employee commuting
  • upstream leased assets

Downstream

  • downstream transportation (not part of own fleet)
  • processing of products sold
  • used of sold products
  • end-of-life treatment
  • downstream leased assets
  • franchises
  • investments (interesting for banks)