• almost Cartel competition - Price Matching Policy
    • signal of price matching: “You undercutting me does not benefit you”
  • Collusion is now the Equilibrium
  • only me setting the price matching is not enough
    • price matching policy setter does not lose out, even if undercut
  • if other player(s) set price matching equilibria change
    • many more equilibria
    • now about selecting the correct equilibrium
  • if all players set price matching
    • undercutting does not benefit anyone anymore
  • why did undercutting happen even in groups will all players setting price matching?
    • irrationality

Normal Form Diagram