International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights

  • Adoption and Entry into Force: Adopted in 1966, effective from 1976.
  • Focus: Civil and political rights.
  • Key Rights: Includes rights to life, freedom from torture, freedom of speech, religion, privacy, assembly, and fair trial rights.
  • Legal Obligations: Immediate obligation to respect and ensure all recognized rights.
  • Human Rights Committee: Oversees implementation and compliance.
  • Reporting System: States must submit regular reports on rights implementation.
  • Optional Protocols: Include provisions for individual complaints and abolishing the death penalty.
  • Global Influence: Significantly shapes human rights legislation and policies worldwide.