The right to vote in national elections. A set of rules for participating in elections.

  • universal suffrage
    • each citizen has a right to vote
  • equal suffrage
    • each vote is worth equally, equal weights
  • direct suffrage
    • directly voting representatives (Austria, Germany)
  • (indirect suffrage)
    • voting the electoral college to vote the representatives (US)
  • personal suffrage
    • no substitution by another person
  • free suffrage
    • no discrimination on how to collect votes
      • e.g. providing fewer voting stations in poorer neighborhoods
  • secret suffrage
    • secret ballot to protect electoral freedom